[Alternate format]
The image illustrates a flowchart.
Canadian citizen or a permanent resident applies to IRCC to sponsor a family member and is refused.
Sponsor files an appeal with the IAD within 30 days.
IAD member (decision-maker) considers the appeal. (Appeal may be sent to Alternative Dispute Resolution). There are two possible outcomes.
One: Appeal dismissed and the refusal is upheld
or
Two: appeal allowed. If the appeal is allowed, there are two further possible outcomes.
IRCC grants the permanent resident visa.
or
IRC may deny permanent resident visa on other grounds.